ЕНТ • Английский языкReading comprehension — Coral reefs
Задача ЕНТ — Reading comprehension — Coral reefs
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Контекст
CORAL REEFS
Coral reefs are sometimes called «the rainforests of the sea» because of their incredible biodiversity. Although they cover less than 1% of the ocean floor, they are home to about 25% of all marine species. From tiny colourful fish to giant turtles, sharks and crustaceans, the reefs support a delicate web of life.
A coral reef is built by tiny animals called coral polyps. Each polyp is no bigger than a pinhead, but together they create huge underwater structures. The polyps slowly produce a hard skeleton of calcium carbonate, which over thousands of years grows into the spectacular formations we see today.
The Great Barrier Reef in Australia is the largest coral reef system in the world. It stretches over 2,300 kilometres along the coast and can be seen from space. It includes more than 2,900 individual reefs and around 900 islands. Millions of tourists visit it every year for diving and snorkelling.
Unfortunately, coral reefs are in serious danger. Rising sea temperatures cause an event called «coral bleaching»: the polyps lose their bright colours and may eventually die. Pollution, overfishing and ocean acidification add to the problem. Scientists estimate that about half of the world's coral reefs have been lost in the last 30 years.
Protecting coral reefs is essential — not only for marine life, but also for coastal communities. Reefs protect coasts from storms and waves, support fishing industries, and attract tourism. Many countries are now creating marine protected areas and working to reduce pollution. Each of us can help by using less plastic, choosing sustainable seafood, and learning about the oceans we depend on.
Coral reefs are sometimes called «the rainforests of the sea» because of their incredible biodiversity. Although they cover less than 1% of the ocean floor, they are home to about 25% of all marine species. From tiny colourful fish to giant turtles, sharks and crustaceans, the reefs support a delicate web of life.
A coral reef is built by tiny animals called coral polyps. Each polyp is no bigger than a pinhead, but together they create huge underwater structures. The polyps slowly produce a hard skeleton of calcium carbonate, which over thousands of years grows into the spectacular formations we see today.
The Great Barrier Reef in Australia is the largest coral reef system in the world. It stretches over 2,300 kilometres along the coast and can be seen from space. It includes more than 2,900 individual reefs and around 900 islands. Millions of tourists visit it every year for diving and snorkelling.
Unfortunately, coral reefs are in serious danger. Rising sea temperatures cause an event called «coral bleaching»: the polyps lose their bright colours and may eventually die. Pollution, overfishing and ocean acidification add to the problem. Scientists estimate that about half of the world's coral reefs have been lost in the last 30 years.
Protecting coral reefs is essential — not only for marine life, but also for coastal communities. Reefs protect coasts from storms and waves, support fishing industries, and attract tourism. Many countries are now creating marine protected areas and working to reduce pollution. Each of us can help by using less plastic, choosing sustainable seafood, and learning about the oceans we depend on.
Coral reefs are called «the rainforests of the sea» because they ...
Варианты ответа
- have a lot of trees underwater
- have the same climate as rainforests
- are very wet places
- support an extraordinary biodiversity
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