ЕНТ • Английский языкReading Comprehension
Задача ЕНТ — Reading Comprehension
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Контекст
Dave Farrow, a Canadian known for his record-breaking memory, has dyslexia, a learning disability that made reading and writing difficult. Despite this, he improved his memory to excel academically. In 2008, Dave set a Guinness World Record by memorizing the order of 59 decks of playing cards in two days. He believes anyone can improve their memory by understanding how it works.
The brain constantly processes information through the senses, first storing it in sensory memory, which holds data for a few seconds. If ignored, the brain discards it; if attended to, it moves into short-term memory. Paying attention is essential for improving memory.
To focus, Dave recommends breaking large tasks into smaller ones. He works in short bursts, using a timer, and takes breaks to maintain concentration. Short-term memory can hold information for only 15 seconds to a few minutes and can only store around seven items at once. Memory champions like Dave use various tricks. One method is creating acronyms, like "Roy G. Biv" for the colors of the rainbow (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet). This makes it easier to recall the list.
Another technique is chunking. For example, when remembering a phone number, we break it into chunks (area code, three digits, and four digits), which makes it easier to remember. The same strategy can be used for learning vocabulary-grouping synonyms together helps remember multiple words with one definition. Visualization is also effective. To memorize the evolution from worms to humans, create mental images for each stage (worm, fish, monkey, human) and place them along a familiar path, like a route you walk daily. The brain remembers images better, especially if they're unusual.
To retain information in long-term memory, continue reviewing it. Regular practice of recall strengthens memory, making it easier to remember important details.
The brain constantly processes information through the senses, first storing it in sensory memory, which holds data for a few seconds. If ignored, the brain discards it; if attended to, it moves into short-term memory. Paying attention is essential for improving memory.
To focus, Dave recommends breaking large tasks into smaller ones. He works in short bursts, using a timer, and takes breaks to maintain concentration. Short-term memory can hold information for only 15 seconds to a few minutes and can only store around seven items at once. Memory champions like Dave use various tricks. One method is creating acronyms, like "Roy G. Biv" for the colors of the rainbow (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet). This makes it easier to recall the list.
Another technique is chunking. For example, when remembering a phone number, we break it into chunks (area code, three digits, and four digits), which makes it easier to remember. The same strategy can be used for learning vocabulary-grouping synonyms together helps remember multiple words with one definition. Visualization is also effective. To memorize the evolution from worms to humans, create mental images for each stage (worm, fish, monkey, human) and place them along a familiar path, like a route you walk daily. The brain remembers images better, especially if they're unusual.
To retain information in long-term memory, continue reviewing it. Regular practice of recall strengthens memory, making it easier to remember important details.
What is essential for moving information from sensory memory to short-term memory?
Варианты ответа
- Using a timer
- Paying attention to it
- Having dyslexia
- Ignoring the information
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- The example "Roy G. Biv" for the colors of the rainbow illustrates which memory technique?
- Breaking a phone number into smaller parts is an example of which technique?